Full Name: Anjeze Gonxhe Bojaxhiu
Date and Place of Birth: August 26, 1910, Skopje, Ottoman Empire (now the capital of North Macedonia)
Family Background: Mother Teresa was born into a devoutly Catholic Albanian family. Her father, Nikollë Bojaxhiu, was a businessman and a community leader, and her mother, Dranafile Bojaxhiu, was deeply religious, instilling in her children the values of charity and compassion. Anjezë had an older sister, Aga, and a brother, Lazar. The family experienced a significant change when her father died suddenly when she was eight years old, which brought financial hardship but also strengthened the family's bond and faith.
Early Life and Education: Anjezë attended a convent-run primary school and then a state-run secondary school. From an early age, she was fascinated by stories of missionaries and their service in Bengal. By the age of 12, she felt a strong call to religious life. At 18, Anjezë left her home to join the Sisters of Loreto in Rathfarnham, Ireland, with the intent to learn English and eventually become a missionary. It was here she took the name Sister Mary Teresa after Saint Thérèse of Lisieux.
Nationality: Born in the Ottoman Empire, Anjezë later became an Indian citizen. Her work in India and her adopted Indian nationality were central to her identity and mission.
Career: In 1929, Sister Teresa arrived in Calcutta (now Kolkata), where she began her novitiate in Darjeeling and taught at St. Teresa's School, a school for girls run by the Loreto sisters. In 1937, she took her final profession of vows, becoming "Mother Teresa." For nearly 20 years, she taught at the school, eventually becoming its principal. However, in 1946, during a train ride to Darjeeling, she experienced what she described as "the call within the call" – a profound religious experience that urged her to leave the convent and help the poor while living among them.
In 1948, Mother Teresa received permission from the Vatican to leave the Loreto order and pursue this new calling. She donned a simple white sari with a blue border and became an Indian citizen. She initially started by teaching children in the slums of Calcutta and treating the sick in their homes. By 1950, she established the Missionaries of Charity, a congregation dedicated to serving "the poorest of the poor."
Personal Life: Mother Teresa led a life of strict personal austerity, simplicity, and profound spirituality. Despite her fame, she remained deeply humble and focused on her mission, living in the same simple quarters as her sisters and adhering to a rigorous schedule of prayer and service.
Challenges and Obstacles: Throughout her life, Mother Teresa faced numerous challenges. In the early days, she struggled with a lack of resources and skepticism from both church authorities and the public. She also encountered personal spiritual struggles, famously revealed in her posthumously published letters, which described long periods of spiritual dryness and feelings of abandonment by God. Despite these trials, she remained steadfast in her mission.
Major Accomplishments: Under her leadership, the Missionaries of Charity grew from a small congregation to an international organization with thousands of nuns and lay volunteers operating in over 130 countries. They established numerous homes for the dying, orphanages, leprosy clinics, and other charitable institutions. Mother Teresa's work garnered global recognition, and she received numerous awards, including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.
Impact and Legacy: Mother Teresa's impact on the world is profound and enduring. She brought attention to the plight of the poor and marginalized, inspiring countless people to volunteer and support charitable causes. Her philosophy of treating the destitute with dignity and love has influenced social work and humanitarian efforts worldwide. She was canonized as Saint Teresa of Calcutta in 2016, affirming her enduring spiritual legacy.
Quotes and Anecdotes: Mother Teresa's words often reflected her deep compassion and unwavering faith. One of her most famous quotes is, "Not all of us can do great things. But we can do small things with great love." Anecdotes about her life often highlight her humility and dedication, such as her practice of personally caring for the sick and dying in the streets of Calcutta, regardless of the risks to her own health.
Later Life and Death: In her later years, Mother Teresa continued to travel extensively, establishing new missions and speaking about the importance of compassion and service. Despite her declining health, including heart problems, she remained active in her work until her final years. On September 5, 1997, Mother Teresa passed away in Calcutta at the age of 87. Her death was mourned worldwide, and her funeral was attended by numerous dignitaries, reflecting her global influence.
Mother Teresa's life was a testament to the power of faith, compassion, and selfless service. Her legacy continues to inspire people across the world to dedicate themselves to helping those in need, upholding the values of love and charity that she embodied throughout her life.
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